Overview

Fluid flow and heat transfer play a key role in engineering process design. Many similarities exist in how entering feed material is modified or processed into final products in chemical and biological processing industries. Similarly, heat transfer is equally vital in producing materials, chemicals, and many biological processes.

This module covers the theory of fluid mechanics and heat transfer, starting from fundamental conservation principles. Derivations of analytical solutions to the governing equations for simple problems and a range of functional non-dimensional correlations are studied for more practical engineering problems. The emphasis is on providing an understanding of the theoretical background and an appreciation of the range of applicability and limitations of the solutions studied.

Key topics in heat transfer: 1. Introduction to various heat transfer mechanisms (conduction, convection and radiation) 2. Conduction: steady state, internal heat sources, electrical analogy. 3. Cooling fins: analytical solutions for constant cross-section fins, efficiency, transient analysis, fin arrays. 4. Lumped heat capacity, Biot number, one-dimensional bodies, Heisler charts, Fourier number, semi-infinite solid. 5. Convection: energy equation, momentum equation, Boussinesq approximation, forced and free convection, dimensional analysis, Reynolds, Prandtl, Grashof, Brinkman numbers, Nusselt number. 6. Pipe flow heat transfer. 7. Radiation: fundamentals, black body, Stefan-Boltzmann law, emissivity, radiation exchange between surfaces, view factor, solar and environmental radiation. 8. Applications: introduction to thermal design, types of heat exchangers, overall heat transfer coefficient, LMTD method, effectiveness method.

Key topics in fluid dynamics: 1. Hydrostatic. 2. Conservation laws of mass, momentum and energy. 3. Dimensional analysis and similitude. 4. General description of laminar flow. 5. The stress tensor ,Navier-Stoke-equation. 6. Poiseuille flow. 7. Turbulent and laminar flow in pipes. 8. Pipe systems.

Assessment Strategy

Exams and coursework.

-threshold -Equivalent to 40%.Uses key areas of theory or knowledge to meet the Learning Outcomes of the module. Is able to formulate an appropriate solution to accurately solve tasks and questions. Can identify individual aspects, but lacks an awareness of links between them and the wider contexts. Outputs can be understood, but lack structure and/or coherence.

-good -Equivalent to the range 60%-69%.Is able to analyse a task or problem to decide which aspects of theory and knowledge to apply. Solutions are of a workable quality, demonstrating understanding of underlying principles. Major themes can be linked appropriately but may not be able to extend this to individual aspects. Outputs are readily understood, with an appropriate structure but may lack sophistication.

-excellent -Equivalent to the range 70%+.Assemble critically evaluated, relevant areas of knowledge and theory to constuct professional-level solutions to tasks and questions presented. Is able to cross-link themes and aspects to draw considered conclusions. Presents outputs in a cohesive, accurate, and efficient manner.

Learning Outcomes

• Analyse fluid dynamics problem through the use of various conservation equations (mass, energy momentum)

• Apply the conservation of mass, momentum, and/or energy in various heat transfer problems.

• Identify and apply models for estimating thermo-fluid quantities and draw conclusions regarding system/process design or performance.